International Conference on Information and Knowledge Technology

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A Blockchain-Based Smart Contract Framework for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Smart Grids

Authors :

Hossein Shahinzadeh¹ Farshad Ebrahimi² S. Mohammadali Zanjani³ Amirafshin Zamani⁴ Saiedeh Mehrabani-Najafabadi⁵ Gevork B. Gharehpetian⁶

1- دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر (پلی‌تکنیک تهران) 2- University of Houston 3- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف‌ آ‌باد 4- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف‌ آ‌باد 5- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف‌ آ‌باد 6- دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر (پلی‌تکنیک تهران)

Keywords :

Smart-Grid Layer،Blockchain،Ethereum،Smart Contract،Peer-to-Peer،IPFS،Energy Trading،Latency

Abstract :

The Smart Grid (SG) paradigm provides advanced services such as load forecasting, demand management, and energy trading (ET) for end users. However, the transmission of data across heterogeneous SG components via open communication channels (e.g., the Internet) raises significant challenges regarding security and privacy. Existing approaches address some of these issues, yet most rely on centralized architectures that suffer from single points of failure and limited scalability, while also failing to ensure real-time ET settlements. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents ET-DeaL, a decentralized, smart contract–based energy trading framework enabling peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions within the SG environment. ET-DeaL leverages Ethereum Smart Contracts (ESCs) for secure and transparent trading, and integrates the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to efficiently manage storage and reduce on-chain costs. The framework supports dynamic energy management among residential consumers, industrial units, and electric vehicles (EVs). The security and functional reliability of ET-DeaL were validated through deployment on the Truffle Suite and assessment via the Mythril security analysis tool. Experimental results demonstrate that ET-DeaL achieves superior performance in terms of latency, privacy preservation, and data storage efficiency compared to existing blockchain-based systems.